Almetyevsk: Academy of Social Technology and Local Government Sciences, Zakam Branch, 2008. - 14 s. A Book on Axiology and the Foundations of European Culture . Axiology is a philosophical science about the values of man and humanity, one of the youngest sections of philosophy. Theoretical independence axiology found only at the end of the XIX century. Of course, we find judgments about various types of value about benefits, good, beauty already in the classics of ancient philosophy, but there was no general idea of value as such, about the specific forms of its manifestation in philosophy at that time. The basic question of axiology “What is good?” was first posed by Socrates. He himself gives several answers to this question, including “live by nature”. Aristotle, on the other hand, called the highest good that which is significant for man as such in general and corresponds to his purpose. Proceeding from the fact that reason is a specific property of man, distinguishing him from plants and animals, he argued that the highest good for man lies in the reasonable activity of his soul and everything else makes sense in relation to this higher good. In axiology and ethics, the highest good is called the ideal. The ideal is defined