This book is a comprehensive and foundational work in pediatric neuroradiology, synthesizing many years of experience by the authors at the N.N. Burdenko Institute of Neurosurgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. The first chapter focuses on anesthetic support for neuroimaging procedures, with special attention to the unique features of CT and MRI imaging of the brain in infants during their first year of life. Subsequent chapters explore the application of new technologies in neuroimaging. The clinical sections address the complex diagnosis of congenital brain malformations, hydrocephalus, tumors located above and below the tentorium, as well as chiasmatic, sellar, and pineal region pathologies. The book also covers the diagnosis of pediatric traumatic brain injuries, vascular disorders, infectious diseases of the central nervous system, and conditions affecting the spine and spinal cord. Featuring an invaluable collection of 2,239 images and diagrams, this volume is an essential resource for radiologists, neuro-radiologists, neurosurgeons, pediatricians, neurologists, ophthalmologists, and ENT specialists.