From the preface: the edited book is compiled on the basis of the available historical and mathematical literature and thirty years of personal experience of the author in secondary and higher school . The purpose of this manual is to provide specific assistance to the teacher in the use of historical materials in mathematics when studying with schoolchildren on a certain topic of the program. In compiling the book, the author sought to ensure that it was accessible to a certain extent to the students themselves. This book is intended for an eight-year school. It consists of an "Introduction" and three chapters. "Introduction" briefly highlights the goals and forms of recognition of schoolchildren with the history of mathematics in the classroom and in extracurricular activities. The first chapter is devoted to arithmetic, the second to algebra, the third to geometry. In each chapter, there are two sections. The first contains 40-50 short "talks", which are recommended to be held in mathematics classes in conjunction with the study of program material. They are located on the topics of the program V-VIII classes . On average, for every 6 lessons there is one "conversation" . We recommend this distribution based on personal experience, but do not consider it exemplary and the only possible one.