The monograph is devoted to the genesis, the main stages of development and the historical fate of Marxism. It includes works published by the author from 1983 to 2018. Particular attention is paid to the formation of a materialist understanding of history, the development of the subject and method of the political economy of labor, the logic and structure of Karl Marx’s Capital, the analysis of fetishistic forms and alienation under capitalism. Reveals the reasons for the rejection of Marxist economic theory in the West and the secret of the rapid spread of Marxism in Russia, as well as the pros and cons of the spread of Marxism in the broad, the origins of the vulgarization of doctrine in the modern world For students, postgraduates and teachers of economic universities and faculties, all interested in topical issues of modern economic science .