In the first half of the 20th century, the science of physics has already become developed and effective enough to gain considerable popularity in society and attract the attention of the economy. The transformation of the “alchemical laboratory” into a workshop for the production of useful technical tricks was gradually completed. The research ideal that preceded the “NTR era” turned out to be poorly adapted to the functioning of science in a new capacity as a “means of production” False physical ideas in former times quietly died their own, nonviolent death. (Planck's famous statement about the victory of the quantum picture of the world with the extinction of the old generation of physicists is in line with this view of science. ) Ideally, this view is the only correct one. But in reality, it turned out to be more difficult ..