Topical issues of the course "Accounting Thought and Balancing" - specialization disciplines "Accounting, Analysis and Audit in Commercial Organizations" specialty 060500 "Accounting, Analysis and Audit" . The content of the basic balance theory is disclosed, the evolution of the forms of balance sheets is investigated, approaches to the formation of the balance policy of an economic entity are considered. The main attention is paid to the logic of balance construction and theoretical problems that have not received sufficient coverage in the special literature. A set of tests for the current and final control of students’ knowledge has been developed for each topic of the course . For students of the 6th year of evening and correspondence studies of the specialty 060500 'Accounting, analysis and audit' specialization 'Accounting, analysis and audit in commercial organizations'