The textbook is compiled taking into account the requirements of federal state educational standards of higher professional education in the direction of training 06. 03. 01 Biology, qualification (degree) “Bachelor” . The textbook was developed by the teachers of the Department of Zootechnics and Biology: Associate Professor, Candidate of Biological Sciences G. In. Ulivanova and Associate Professor, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences G. N. Glotova; designed to study relevant sections of the discipline "Genetics and Evolution" . The textbook deals with the genetics of erythrocyte antigens, genetic labeling of animals by alleles of blood groups, polymorphism of milk proteins, issues of genetics of domestic animals and gene diagnostics by PCR. Practical problems on immunogenetics of agricultural animals.