The book provides an overview of the development of mathematics among the peoples who created the most ancient civilizations (Egyptians, Babylonians, Phoenicians, Jews, Maya, Incas, Aztecs), in ancient Greece, Hellenistic states and countries of the Roman Empire. The real book and the book A. [ ) P. Yushkevich's History of Mathematics in the Middle Ages (1961 r. ) constitute a common work, the name of which - "Mathematics before the Renaissance" - is reflected on the footer . This work, together with the book G. released by Fizmatgiz in 1960 Wielitner covers the history of mathematics from its inception to 1850. In addition to specialists in the history of science, the book will be useful to students of universities and pedagogical institutes, as well as lovers of mathematics.