Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR . Geographical and Geophysical . 1942. No. 4”, published by the team of authors, is a unique historical and scientific document that immerses the reader in the atmosphere of scientific thought and research during the Second World War. This issue is part of an extensive series devoted to the geographical and geophysical sciences, and contains articles that reflect the current problems and achievements in these areas at the time. In 1942, when the world was at war, scientific research did not stop. On the contrary, they became even more important for understanding the world around them and developing new strategies. In this issue, readers will find articles devoted to various aspects of geography and geophysics, including research on climate, geological processes and their impact on human activity. Each article is written taking into account the relevance and significance of the topics that make them not only scientific, but also practically applicable. This book will be of interest to a wide range of readers, including students and teachers of geographical and geophysical disciplines, as well as researchers and historians interested in the development of science in times of war. It can attract the attention of those who are fond of the history of science, as well as those who seek to understand how scientific research has influenced society in difficult times. Readers interested in the history of the USSR will also find much useful information in this issue, because it is a reflection of the scientific thought of the time. The topics raised in this issue cover a wide range of issues, from the study of natural resources to the impact of geographical factors on military operations. The book highlights the importance of science in times of crisis and demonstrates how researchers have continued to work despite the challenges the country has faced. It also raises questions about the role of science in society and how it can serve as a tool to overcome difficulties. The style of the authors is distinguished by clarity and logical presentation, which makes complex scientific concepts accessible to understanding. The team of authors includes well-known scientists of his time, which adds additional value to this publication. Their work has become the basis for many modern studies in geography and geophysics. Readers familiar with other works, such as "News of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" or "Geography and Geophysics", will find in this issue familiar approaches and methods that were relevant in later times. Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR . Geographical and Geophysical . 1942. No. 4" is not only a scientific work, but also an important historical document that allows you to look into the past and understand how science can influence society. This edition will be useful for both professionals and amateurs interested in the history of science and its development in difficult times. By reading this book, you will not only expand your knowledge, but also be able to appreciate how scientific research continues to be an important part of our world, even in the most difficult moments.