The book discusses the survival practices of Russian scientists in the conditions of civil confrontation (1917-1920). ). The territorial framework of the study is the regions of Russia, most of the time under the rule of anti-Soviet regimes, which became centers of mass migration of the capital population. The author's analysis of diaries, memoirs, personal correspondence of scientists, documents of universities, research institutions, periodicals made it possible to understand how people of science responded to the challenges of the Civil War. It is shown that, "being under the conditions of time in the province" (away from the capital and foreign scientific and educational institutions, libraries, museums), scientists still tried to improve professionally and contribute to the advancement of science. Considerable attention is paid to the interaction of refugees from capitals and their provincial colleagues in the field of university and scientific infrastructure formation , preservation of cultural and natural heritage in solidarity and individual ways of overcoming physical , Physical and psychological threats , as well as the political behavior of scientists in conditions of frequent change of power .