This edition is a study of the history of stellar astronomy, astral religion and astrology of ancient Mesopotamia. This is a unique catalog of the names of constellations and other celestial bodies found in cuneiform sources II-I thousand. before n. e. Various Origins. Catalog articles are arranged in alphabetical order and are constructed according to a single scheme: : : (a) constellation or planet name (Shumerian and/ or Akkadian), Variants of reading , [CM accepted in the modern scientific literature, [CM ) translation, approximate identification b) cuneiform texts, where the name , is found. their partial or complete translation into Russian) the Mesopotamian deity , associated with luminary, his brief mythological characterization, prayers and rituals d) constellation figure d) constellation location on the celestial sphere e) name, associated with the individual parts of the constellation and their identification w) the role of the constellation (planet, In the Astrology of Ancient Mesopotamia. For each issue, references to relevant sources, necessary bibliographic information are provided, controversial and unresolved issues are covered . The work contains a number of useful indexes, as well as illustrations, including images of constellation figures found in cuneiform sources.