The proposed books of Russian scientists were repeatedly published in Russia before 1917 and were widely popular not only as textbooks for Russian gymnasiums, but also as a fascinating reading on the history of foreign countries. They talk about the birth of ,. flourishing and decline of the centers of world civilization - the Ancient East , Ancient Greece and Rome , the Middle Ages , when modern nations were founded and many nations performed on the international arena for the first time , about the lives of such bright personalities , As Pericles , Alexander the Great , Caesar , Cleopatra , Justinian , Charlemagne , Frederick Barbarossa , Richard the Lionheart , The tragic fate of many of them , the feat of Joan of Arc , Wilhelm Telle , Revolts of slaves and peasants , Devastating invasions of "barbarians" , Crusades of the Normans and Crusaders , On the Emergence of Christianity and the Establishment of Catholicism and Orthodoxy , Tournaments , Culture, and the manners of those times.... Addressed not only to students and teachers, but also to the widest readership. BY EDITION: Republishing high school textbooks of the history of the ancient world and the Middle Ages, the editors expect that they will attract the attention of not only teachers and schoolchildren, but also those who want to expand their historical knowledge, to comprehend the past, the lessons of the dramatic cataclysms that shook the world. Now, when interest in history has increased so much, and there is very little educational literature, it is useful to acquaint the reader with those textbooks that were popular at the beginning of the century and withstood more than one publication. Of course, over the past time, historical science has been enriched by a number of new studies and not all author's judgments can be agreed, but both textbooks attract the attention of rich factual material, Ability to focus the reader’s attention on the main , Characteristics of the most interesting historical figures , complex and contradictory events of past epochs , Literary Excellence . Textbook of the History of the Ancient World by Professor (later Academician) Robert Yurievich Vipper (1859-1854) . ), a student of famous historians C. M. Soloviev and P. G. Vinogradova, concludes with a section on the "barbarian" kingdoms, which led to some repetitions with Professor A. A. Vasilyeva (1867-1853 . ). But this makes it possible to better understand the causes of the fall of the slave-holding Roman Empire and the transition to feudalism: in the Vipper textbook, the emphasis is on the processes that took place within the empire, and in the Vasilyev textbook - in the depths of "barbarian societies" .. It must be said that the periodization of the history of the Middle Ages in A. A. Vasilyeva does not coincide with the modern: the Middle Ages he ends at the end of the XV century (the fall of Constantinople, the discovery of America, the formation of centralized states in Europe) Thus, the period of the Late Middle Ages (XVI - the first half of the XVII century) is not covered . This was the time of the New Testament...................................... Textbook P. Yu. Vipper published in 1913. , Textbook A. A. Vasilieva by publication 1914 . Only obvious typographical errors have been corrected. In addition to the few illustrations reproduced from these publications, the book contains illustrations selected by the editor. She also provided the book with a chronological table on the history of the ancient world and excerpts from historical sources: legislative acts, fragments of works of Greek and Roman historians, medieval chronicles, etc. d. Subscriptive notes to the author's text concerning certain inaccuracies, spelling of geographical names, names, dates, etc. p. Edited by . Screenshots