The main economic categories, structure and trends of development of agriculture of Belarus are considered. Issues of reproduction and efficiency of use of land and labor resources, formation of production costs and main financial indicators of agriculture, problems of greening the agricultural sector are analyzed. The economic efficiency of agricultural production, mechanisms and methods of its state regulation are investigated. The issues of innovation and investment attractiveness of agriculture, ensuring food security of the country and development of its export potential are presented . Practical recommendations have been developed on the formation of material and technical resources, the development of market relations, state support for the economy of the industry, contributing to improving the efficiency of the country's agricultural sector. Designed for managers and specialists of the agro-industrial complex, researchers in the field of economics and management of the national economy, undergraduates, graduate students .