The title of the course "Security, territory, population" very accurately formulates the problem posed. Indeed, it is necessary to understand what is the new technology of power that arose in the XVIII century. which the population is subject to, and which seeks to .. ] through a global earlyness to a kind of homeostasis — the safety of the whole in relation to internal dangers" . Foucault contrasts this technology with the mechanisms by which sovereignty before the classical era tried to ensure the preservation of its territory. "Territory" and "population" function as antithetical poles between which the study unfolds. How did the transition from sovereignty over the territory to the regulation of the population take place? What consequences did this change in management practices cause? What rationality became their guide? So the purpose of the course is specified: Through the history of security technology, try to "determine how legitimate it is to talk about a security society". Analysis of population-related security devices prompts Foucault to gradually bring to the fore the concept of “gouvernement” . Initially used in the traditional meaning of public power or the exercise of sovereignty, it gradually, within the framework of the physiocratic formula "economic management", acquires a distinctive character, indicating the specific techniques of population management. In this context, "governance" is loaded with the narrow meaning of "the art of exercising power in an economic mode", allowing Foucault to define economic liberalism as the art of governing. Thus, the problematic triangle "security-territory-population", which served as the initial frame of the study, gives way to the system series "security-territory-management" .. As a result, the term "management" appears, which opens a new field of study - not the history of security technologies, which temporarily recedes into the background, but the genealogy of the new European state.