The fortieth anniversary of the STPI project identification meeting provided anopportunity to examine the long-term impact of the first large-scale, internationalpolicy-oriented research initiative in science and technology policy for development;to evaluate the ways in which the knowledge acquired through the project helped toshape policy and decision making; to assess how it affected the professional andpersonal development of those who participated in the project; and to explore itsimplications for the future.Most of the country coordinators are still professionally active, and although somehave moved to other fields, several are working on science and technology policyissues. Members of the STPI network have frequently acknowledged the influencethat the STPI project had on their professional careers, on the advice they haveprovided and decisions they made, and on their contributions to the field of scienceand technology policy for development. Sadly, some of the country coordinators areno longer with us, but a sufficiently large number of STPI network membersparticipated in the STPI+40 event, which looked back at the experience of STPI.The first part of this report contains one chapter summarizing the background,organization, methodology, results and dissemination of the STPI project, and isbased primarily on material produced during 1973-1979 available at the STPI+40website.1The second part consists of two chapters. The first is a report prepared by GeoffreyOldham based on a questionnaire answered by participants in the STPI researchnetwork, which examines its impact on the development of science and technologycapabilities of the participating countries and on the members of the country teams.The second chapter was prepared by Juana Kuramoto takes a look back at the resultsof STPI, presents an overview of the main changes that have taken place in the policyenvironment for science and technology during the last four decades, and outlinesnew research issues on policy implementation.The third part comprises six short chapters. The first provides a brief account of thedissemination efforts and the influence of the STPI project over time, and the secondoffers an overview of the evolution of science and technology capabilities in STPIcountries. The third contains a contribution from Tran Ngoc Ca, which indicates theSTPI project influenced a review of science and technology policy in Vietnam. Thefourth and fifth chapters present the main conclusions of the STPI+40 meetings in Paracas and Lima that took place in August 2013. They incorporate contributions by Francisco Sercovich, Alberto Araoz, Carlos Contreras, Mónica Salazar and SussanCozzens outlining possible agendas and future initiatives in the field of science,technology and innovation policies for development.This report gives readers a long-term perspective on the opportunities and constraintsfaced in the design and implementation of science and technology policies. We hopeit will contribute to improve efforts to build science, technology and innovationcapabilities in developing countries.