Chevron Corporation, 2007. — 109 p.Today, diesel engines are used worldwide for transportation, manufacturing, power generation, construction, and farming. The types of diesel engines are as varied as their use – from small, high-speed indirect-injection engines to low-speed direct-injection behemoths with cylinders one meter (three feet) in diameter. Their success comes from their efficiency, economy, and reliability.The subject of this review is diesel fuel – its performance, properties, refining, and testing. A chapter in the review discusses diesel engines, especially the heavy-duty diesel engines used in trucks and buses, because the engine and the fuel work together as a system. Additionally, because environmental regulations are so important to the industry, the review examines their impact on both fuel and engine.ContentsIntroductionDiesel Fuel UsesRelated ProductsDiesel Fuel and Driving PerformanceStartingPowerNoiseFuel EconomyWearLow-Temperature OperabilityFuel Stability – Filter LifeSmokeDiesel Fuel and Air QualityProgressLegislationAdministration/RegulationAir Quality StandardsVehicle EmissionsSourcesLimitsFuture LimitsDiesel Fuel EffectsUltra-Low Sulfur Diesel FuelDiesel Fuel Dyeing in the U.S.Diesel Fuel Refining and ChemistryRefining ProcessesThe Modern RefineryBlendingAbout HydrocarbonsOther CompoundsDiesel Fuel ChemistryChemistry of Diesel Fuel InstabilityBiodiesel FuelIssues Regarding the Use of BiodieselGas-to-Liquid DieselOther Diesel Fuel ProductsDiesel Fuel and Biodiesel Fuel Specifications and Test MethodsSpecificationsASTM InternationalThe European UnionPremium DieselBiodiesel Fuel StandardsTest MethodsDiesel EnginesFour-Stroke CycleCompression RatioCombustion ChambersTurbocharging, Supercharging, and Charge CoolingFuel Injection SystemsElectronic Engine ControlsTwo-Stroke CycleDiesel Engines and EmissionsEmission Reduction TechnologiesDiesel Fuel AdditivesTypes of AdditivesUse of AdditivesAppendixSpecifications for Other Mid-Distillate ProductsQuestions and AnswersSources of More InformationAbbreviationsIndex