"Interpersonal Reconstructive Therapy (IRT) is an integrative, interpersonal, and intrapsychic psychotherapy that is organized by the IRT case formulation model that assesses each of a patient's presenting symptoms (one or more disorders) in relation to interactions between inherited proclivities (e.g., startle responses) and early lessons from caregivers about what to be afraid of (threat) and how to be safe(safety). This book is organized into four sections. Part I is about foundational concepts and includes presentations of Natural Biology and Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB). Natural Biology grounds IRT case formulation and treatment models in principles of evolution. It presents a reliable and accurate method of pattern recognition in the discussion of SASB. Part II is about the IRT case formulation and treatment models. It provides detail and illustrates the mechanisms that connect a patient's presenting symptoms to perceived current stresses (persistent threat and failure to find safety) and also links those stresses and responses to earlier patterns shaped by lessons in safety and threat. It also provides a review of the IRT treatment model, and describes the phases of the action stage of change. Part III is about applications of the IRT case formulation and treatment models to anger, anxiety, and depression. Part IV provides data on the validity and effectiveness of the IRT case formulation and treatment models."--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).