This monograph gives a systematic presentation of classical and recent results obtained in the last couple of years. It comprehensively describes the methods concerning the topological structure of fixed point sets and solution sets for differential equations and inclusions. Many of the basic techniques and results recently developed about this theory are presented, as well as the literature that is disseminated and scattered in several papers of pioneering researchers who developed the functional analytic framework of this field over the past few decades. Several examples of applications relating to initial and boundary value problems are discussed in detail. The book is intended to advanced graduate researchers and instructors active in research areas with interests in topological properties of fixed point mappings and applications; it also aims to provide students with the necessary understanding of the subject with no deep background material needed. This monograph fills the vacuum in the literature regarding the topological structure of fixed point sets and its applications