A book by Candidate of Biological Sciences, Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor Okuntsov Ludwig Pakhomovich about the moral responsibility of a person to four-legged friends, dogs that we have tamed, raised, sometimes loved, but not always treated equally. The book talks about outcast dogs, abnormal upbringing pet, the sense of “dog dignity”, about ethology and psyche, the possibilities and ways of communication of dogs with each other, as well as with humans, about the ability to perceive and remember everyday words, about education and training, the relationship between the trainer and the dog. For the first time, communication between humans and higher mammals (dogs) is comprehensively examined separately and together. Ethological and zoopsychological achievements make it possible to answer the question from a scientific standpoint: does a dog think? Domestic and foreign experience in protecting disadvantaged and homeless animals is presented. This is the author’s third book about the unique world of animals.