In this volume of the “Scientific Heritage” series, a commentary translation into Russian of the work of the Armenian naturalist and doctor of the 15th century is published. Amirdovlat Amasiatsi “Unnecessary for the ignorant.” This medieval encyclopedic dictionary of medicines is a multifaceted work of natural science content. It provides a unique collection of information on the flora of Transcaucasia, Asia Minor and the Balkan Peninsula, which is important not only for the history of science, but also for clarifying issues of the evolution of vegetation cover and clarifying the plant resources of some southern regions of our country. A significant place in it is occupied by data on the fauna and minerals of this region. The book is intended for historians of science and culture, orientalists and linguists, botanists and zoologists, pharmacists and doctors, as well as mineralogists and geographers.