For Weber, a key aspect of sociology was the study of the intentions, values, beliefs, and opinions underlying human behavior. Therefore, to study society means to study individuals, to investigate the motives of their actions, to seek their rational explanation. Sociology must therefore become a strictly rational science of the meaning of social action. The works included in the proposed collection are devoted to the following issues: What is the “objectivity” of social and scientific knowledge?What should be the logic of the cultural sciences?What is sociology in general and what is the meaning of “understanding sociology”?What is the connection between history and sociology?