The final volume of the historian of geographical work J. Verna is dedicated to the journeys of the late 18th to the first half of the 19th century. by R. Lander, X. Clapperton, A. Humboldt, J. Dumont-Durville et al . The discovery of the Earth will appear before the reader not only as a single progressive process of cognition of the geographical environment, but also as a comprehension of the great diversity of cultures that inhabit our planet of peoples. Under the brilliant pen of the writer come to life the paintings of the study of the inner regions of Asia, Africa, America A special place is given to circumnavigators in the polar regions, the role of Russian sailors in the study of the World Ocean and Antarctica is emphasized. fb2 file created by Simon de Monfor (respect for the work done!). Cover and illustrations are inserted poRUchik (for those who are not afraid of the file size and the presence of illustrations is important).