The textbook is a theoretical course in the discipline "History and Philosophy of Science", covering all topics of the course in accordance with the requirements of the curriculum for the study of this discipline in the adjunct (postgraduate) . The relevance of the manual is in the concise presentation of the lecture course, which is convenient for repeating theoretical material and discussing it at seminar sessions . For each topic, an abstract of the lecture, discussion questions, theses, conclusions, control questions and a list of recommended literature are given . The main task of the manual is to provide adjuncts and graduate students with all the necessary theoretical and educational and organizational material in preparation for the test and candidate examination in the discipline "History and Philosophy of Science" . Intended for adjuncts and postgraduates full-time and part-time training in the direction of training 20. 07. 01 Technosphere security .