The morphological and neurophysiological foundations of the organization of the sensory function of vision and its disorders are presented in a systematic form .. The processes and mechanisms of vision from the level of photoreceptors of the retina to the visual cortex and other neural structures of the brain are described, forming temporary ideas about the visual system and its functions. Methods of laboratory and clinical studies of the most important indicators of vision, examples of interpretation of the clinical significance of their changes are given The most common violations of sensory function of vision in patients with diseases of the central nervous system and other body systems are considered. Designed for students, graduate students, teachers, neurophysiologists, functional diagnostics specialists, general practitioners, ophthalmologists, neuro-ophthalmologists, neurologists and researchers .