The textbook was prepared by specialists who for many years read a course on the history of political doctrines (history of doctrines about the state and law) in well-known universities in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Minsk and Tashkent. The authors chose an original method of presenting the material, which allows them to gain knowledge about the development of ideas about the state and law at different times, in different countries, by different outstanding thinkers within the university program. The textbook is aimed at preparing for practical activities in the state-legal sphere. It will be useful for many politicians in solving problematic issues of our time. For students, undergraduates and graduate students, researchers and teachers of law universities .