The textbook is the second volume of the course of general physics . The second edition of the first volume of Mechanics and the Theory of Relativity was published in 1986. The book presents the basic fundamental concepts and laws of statistical physics and thermodynamics on the example of molecular systems. A detailed analysis of the classical Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution and its consequences is carried out within the framework of the microcanonical ensemble of systems. Canonical distribution is considered as an optional material. The book also contains the necessary mathematical information, examples of problem solving and problems for independent solution with answers.