The monograph is devoted to the study of the relationship between historical science and political practice in the discussions of Soviet historians of the 1920s - early 1930s. The prerequisites and conditions for the emergence of discussions, the course of their development, the reasons for termination are analyzed. The author shows the complex process of the emergence among Marxist historians of a special ideological “self-censorship”, which ultimately created grounds for introducing a system of “decretative” solutions to controversial issues into historical research. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the influence of the cult of Stalin's personality on the form and