Environmental issues are discussed. A comparative analysis of environmental problems in various fields of energy is given . Special attention is paid to environmental issues in the field of nuclear energy. Issues of extraction, temporary storage, transportation, processing or disposal of spent nuclear fuel are considered. The manual is written in accordance with the curricula of the educational disciplines "Material problems of ecology" and "Environmental problems in nuclear energy" , It is an integral part of the curriculum for students ,. students in the specialty 150702 "Physics of metals" , Specialization 140426 - "Reactor materials science and master's program in the direction of 140400 "Technical physics" . Designed for undergraduate and graduate students , Specializations in Materials Science , Nuclear Energy and Safety , Nuclear Energy , General Physics Courses , Strength Physics , Basics of Materials Science , radiation physics of a solid body and mastering related specialties. ;Griff:Recommended by UMO "Nuclear Physics and Technology" as a training manual for students of higher education institutions