The book provides basic information about the optical properties of polymers, the comparative characteristics of organic glasses and other polymeric materials, methods of their modification, features of synthesis and processing. The development of research in the traditional fields of application of transparent polymers is reflected, as well as the current trends in the development of functional materials based on them, including those containing nanoscale fillers with nonlinear-optical and other properties, are considered. The publication is intended for researchers, teachers, graduate students and students specializing in the field of synthesis, property research, modification and processing of optically transparent polymers, as well as engineering and technical workers of industries related to their application.