The textbook describes the main provisions of rock mechanics and methods for determining their physical and mechanical properties. Considerable attention is paid to the description of modern types of drilling rigs, rational conditions for their use in combination with progressive drilling methods and effective types of drilling tools. The technological methods of tamponing of wells are covered, information about the types of tamponage mixtures is given . Detailed description of methods for measuring the properties of tamponage mixtures and washing liquids. The main provisions of hydro-aeromechanics in drilling. Information on the drilling of hydrogeological, geotechnological, technical and special wells for various purposes is given . For students of higher educational institutions studying in the specialty "Technology and technology of exploration of mineral deposits" and other geological specialties . Can be useful to engineers and teachers.