The book examines a wide range of environmental factors that have the most significant impact on various processes of bee life and intra-nest microclimate. Analyzed the effect of temperature, humidity, gas composition of air, electric fields on the development and productivity of bees Means of optimizing the content of bees in order to increase their productivity. The author of the book is Eskov Evgeny Konstantinovich, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Academician of the New York Academy of Sciences . He owns the discovery of an organ that perceives low-frequency acoustic and electric fields, developed a theory of their perception, and substantiated the original concept of the origin of sociality in bees. He has published about 300 scientific papers, including 5 monographs. This monograph summarizes mainly the results of the author's own research in various areas of honey bee ecology. Mechanisms of adaptation of bees to a large complex of biotic and abiotic factors are considered Their influence on the development, viability and physiological state of bees is analyzed.