This book delves into mathematical models of complex systems and the decision-making processes involved in their management. It presents specific models applicable to agricultural planning within a region and discusses general principles for describing the awareness of decision-makers and the utilization of information. Several articles focus on numerical methods for solving optimization problems that arise in the design of complex systems. The publication includes papers that provide a mathematical foundation for calculation methods and information visualization, enabling an effective dialogue between humans and computers. Volume 2 was released in 1986 and is aimed at specialists in the fields of computer science, cybernetics, and applied mathematics.