A rich collection of ancient problems provides the reader with a wonderful opportunity to follow the development of mathematical thought from ancient times. Epigraphs from texts of ancient scientists, wonderful poetic tasks, lively and entertaining historical comments serve as an excellent addition to the text of ancient tasks. Selective book reading and problem solving is available to students starting from grade 5. Along with this, the subject of many problems is beyond the school curriculum, so the book contains reference material about the elements of combinatorics, the basic concepts of probability theory. The authors have compiled a table with task numbers available to students of certain parallels (grades 5 to 11) . At the end are answers, instructions and solutions. The book will be interesting and useful to students and will bring true pleasure to all lovers of the history of mathematics. Screenshots