The book contains a modern exposition of dimension analysis and similarity theory with numerous examples of varying degrees of complexity. The presented new approaches to the analysis of dimensions and the hypothesis of automodelability of a new type are used to study a number of problems (in particular,, turbulent currents in the surface layer of the atmosphere and the wall layer of the turbulent flux with a transverse shift , dynamics of turbulent spots in a highly stable stratification fluid and t. d. ). Designed for a wide range of readers - mathematicians, mechanics, specialists in atmospheric and ocean physics