Introduction of new physics programs for high school, organization of optional physics courses , the presence of physical and mathematical schools with an expanded program caused the need for benefits, where the foundations of classical and modern physics would be much broader and deeper How can this be done in a stable textbook . This book is the first part of a two-volume book that systematically lays out the basics of physics on a more modern basis than is usually accepted. The questions of mechanics are organically related to the theory of relativity and the uncertainty relation. Conservation of Energy , momentum and momentum- with the principles of symmetry of space and time, fundamentals of thermodynamics - with molecular statistics and the structure of matter, hydromechanics - with shock wave theory. The reader is required only a thorough knowledge of physics, algebra and the beginning of trigonometry in the volume of the eight-year school. However, this is not a book for entertaining reading, working on it will require serious efforts from the reader. The book is intended for high school students. It can also be useful for teachers of physics of schools and technical schools and students of universities .