This book occupies an intermediate position between the textbook and the collection of problems in physics . Specific examples show how the fundamental laws of physics can be used in the analysis of physical phenomena. This is done in the form of problem solving .. The purpose of the book is to teach the reader to reason, to find answers to new questions related to the field known to him, to bring him to a deep understanding of the essence of the phenomena under consideration. Numerous examples show that with a real understanding of the laws of nature, many even very complex problems can be solved simply and strictly. Each task is a reason for a serious and deep, albeit sometimes very brief, conversation about physics. This book differs both from a physics textbook outlining "theoretical material" and from a problem solver in which limited to bringing a formal solution, the book can be recommended to high school students for self-education and preparation for competitive exams. The book can be used in the work of physical circles. It will be useful for physics teachers, methodologists and students, especially pedagogical institutes.