Publisher's summary: In the book of the famous English physicist G. Lipson talks about those experiments that played an outstanding role in the formation of physics as a science. Starting with the description of the first experiments of Galileo and Newton, the author completes the presentation with the experiments of Rutherford, Milliken, Michelson-Morley, on which modern nuclear physics and relativity theory are based. The book is written vividly, emotionally, entertainingly, full of facts and is equipped with numerous illustrations, including those borrowed from the original works of Newton, Hooke, Faraday and other researchers. The book is of interest to students and schoolchildren who want to expand their horizons in the field of physics. It is also useful to teachers who will find here extensive material for enriching lectures with factual information.