"Michael Allen Gillespie presents the thought of the late Nietzsche as Nietzsche himself intended, drawing not only on his published works but on the plans for the works he was unable to complete, which can be found throughout his notes and correspondence. Gillespie argues that the idea of the eternal recurrence transformed Nietzsche's thinking from 1881 to 1889. It provided both the basis for his rejection of traditional metaphysics and the grounding for the new logic, ontology, theology, and anthropology he intended to create with the aim of a fundamental transformation of European civilization, a 'revaluation of all values.' Nietzsche first broached the idea of the eternal recurrence in Thus Spoke Zarathustra, but its failure to gain attention or public acceptance led him to present the idea again through a series of works intended to culminate in a never-completed magnum opus. Nietzsche believed this idea would enable the redemption of humanity. At the same time, he recognized its terrifying, apocalyptic consequences, since it would also produce wars of unprecedented ferocity and destruction. Through his careful analysis, Gillespie reveals a more radical and more dangerous Nietzsche than the humanistic or democratic Nietzsche we commonly think of today, but also a Nietzsche who was deeply at odds with the Nietzsche imagined to be the forefather of Fascism."--Provided by the publisher.;Introduction: Nietzsche's deepest thought -- Nihilism and the superhuman. Nietzsche and the anthropology of nihilism ; Slouching toward Bethlehem to be born : on the nature and meaning of Nietzsche's Übermensch -- Nietzsche as teacher of the eternal recurrence. What was I thinking? : Nietzsche's new prefaces of 1886 ; Nietzsche's musical politics ; Life as music : Nietzsche's Ecce homo -- Nietzsche's final teaching in context. Nietzsche and Dostoevsky on nihilism and the superhuman ; Nietzsche and Plato on the formation of a warrior aristocracy -- Conclusion: What remains.