Complexity in projects may be one of those things that are difficult to define, but easy to recognize when encountered. Or maybe not so easy. This collection of analyses deals with complexity in a way that will appeal to both academics and practitioners.It arises from a series of four academic-business roundtables sponsored by the Project Management Institute in the U.S., Australia, Malta, and Brazil. Researchers will appreciate the academic rigor of the content and practitioners will appreciate the generally reader-friendly style and tone.Readers will learn or better understand the difference between complex and complicated projects. A complicated project may be better understood and managed through the traditional practices of decomposition breaking in down into smaller parts. Complex projects are more influenced by interactions among the parts and among other internal and external contributing elements. It is these interactions that can confound the most knowledgeable, experienced, and dedicated project managers.