Europe's 19th century, is often broadly defined as the period from the French Revolution to World War I, forming the foundation of the modern world. The course moves from the impact of both the French and Industrial Revolutions in the period from 1789-1848, into the so-called "unifications" of Italy and Germany in the 1850s and 1860s, followed by the spread of industrialism and nationalism into the furthest reachesof Europe toward the end of the century. The discussion provides a basis to understand this turbulent era and its effect on peasants, workers, the middle class, aristocrats, women, and minorities.Abstract: Europe's 19th century, is often broadly defined as the period from the French Revolution to World War I, forming the foundation of the modern world. The course moves from the impact of both the French and Industrial Revolutions in the period from 1789-1848, into the so-called "unifications" of Italy and Germany in the 1850s and 1860s, followed by the spread of industrialism and nationalism into the furthest reaches of Europe toward the end of the century. The discussion provides a basis to understand this turbulent era and its effect on peasants, workers, the middle class, aristocrats, women, and minorities