X-marks : native signatures of assent
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During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, North American Indian leaders commonly signed treaties with the European powers and the American and Canadian governments with an X, signifying their presence and assent to the terms. These x-marks indicated coercion (because the treaties were made under unfair conditions), resistance (because they were often met with protest), and acquiescence (to both a Europeanmodernity and the end of a particular moment of Indian history and identity). In X-Marks, Scott Richard Lyons explores the complexity of contemporary Indian identity and current debates.
LF/807977/R
Data sheet
- Name of the Author
- Lyons
Scott Richard - Language
- English
- Series
- Indigenous Americas.
- ISBN
- 9781452946856
- Release date
- 2010
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During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, North American Indian leaders commonly signed treaties with the European powers and the American and Canadian...