This guide for doctors presents modern data on the features of insulin therapy in childhood and adolescence. The manual contains information on the pharmacokinetics of modern types of insulin , Schemes of their introduction , Problems of insulin therapy in different age periods and their solution , modern criteria for compensation of diabetes mellitus and methods of treatment of emergency conditions in diabetes , Complications of Insulin Therapy , prevention and treatment . The prepared recommendations for the management of patients with diabetes are based on extensive clinical experience , the Department of Diabetes of the Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology GU ENC RAMS , where the most complex contingent of patients is concentrated, in accordance with the standards of the experts of the World Health Organization.